open access publication

Review, 2023

Feasibility of time-restricted eating in individuals with overweight, obesity, prediabetes, or type 2 diabetes: A systematic scoping review

In: OBESITY, ISSN 1930-7381, 1930-7381, Volume 31, 6, Pages 1463-1485, 10.1002/oby.23743

Contributors (8)

Termannsen, Anne-Ditte (0000-0002-1580-1252) (Corresponding author) [1] [2] [3] Varming, Annemarie [2] [3] van Elst, Christina [2] [3] Bjerre, Natasja (0000-0001-8875-7240) [2] [3] Norgaard, Ole (0000-0002-1681-4338) [2] [3] Hempler, Nana Folmann (0000-0003-3644-0473) [2] [3] Faerch, Kristine (0000-0002-6127-0448) [2] [3] Quist, Jonas S. (0000-0001-6036-0962) [2] [3] [4]

Affiliations

  1. [1] Borgmester Ib JuulsVej 83, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark
  2. [NORA names: Denmark; Europe, EU; Nordic; OECD]
  3. [2] Copenhagen Univ Hosp, Danish Diabet Knowledge Ctr, Steno Diabet Ctr Copenhagen, Dept Educ, Herlev, Denmark
  4. [NORA names: Steno Diabetes Centers; Hospital; Denmark; Europe, EU; Nordic; OECD]
  5. [3] Copenhagen Univ Hosp, Danish Diabet Knowledge Ctr, Steno Diabet Ctr Copenhagen, Dept Educ, Herlev, Denmark
  6. [NORA names: KU University of Copenhagen; University; Denmark; Europe, EU; Nordic; OECD]
  7. [4] Univ Leeds, Sch Psychol, Leeds, England
  8. [NORA names: United Kingdom; Europe, Non-EU; OECD]

Abstract

ObjectiveThis systematic scoping review aimed to map and synthesize research on feasibility of time-restricted eating (TRE) in individuals with overweight, obesity, prediabetes, or type 2 diabetes, including recruitment rate, retention rate, safety, adherence, and participants' attitudes, experiences, and perspectives. MethodsThe authors searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature from inception to November 22, 2022, supplemented by backward and forward citation search. ResultsFrom 4219 identified records, 28 studies were included. In general, recruitment was easy and median retention rate was 95% among studies with <12 weeks duration and 89% among studies >= 12 weeks. Median (range) adherence to the target eating window for studies <12 and >= 12 weeks was 89% (75%-98%) and 81% (47%-93%), respectively. Variation in adherence among participants and studies was considerable, indicating that following TRE was difficult for some people and that intervention conditions influenced adherence. These findings were supported by qualitative data synthetized from seven studies, and determinants of adherence included calorie-free beverages outside the eating window, provision of support, and influence on the eating window. No serious adverse events were reported. ConclusionsTRE is implementable, acceptable, and safe in populations with overweight, obesity, prediabetes, or type 2 diabetes, but it should be accompanied by support and options for individual adjustments.