Article, 2024
Euclid preparation XXXII. Evaluating the weak-lensing cluster mass biases using the Three Hundred Project hydrodynamical simulations
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS, ISSN 0004-6361, 0004-6361, Volume 681, 10.1051/0004-6361/202346058
Contributors
Giocoli, C. (Corresponding author) [1] [2] Meneghetti, M. [1] [2] Rasia, E. [1] [3] Borgani, S. [1] [2] [3] [4] Despali, G. [5] Lesci, G. F. [1] [6] Marulli, F. [1] [2] [6] Moscardini, L. [1] [2] [6] Sereno, M. [1] [2] Cui, W. [7] [8] [9] [10] Knebe, A. [7] [8] [9] [11] Yepes, G. [7] [8] [9] Castro, T. [1] [2] [3] Corasaniti, P. -S. [12] [13] [14] [15] Pires, S. [12] [13] [16] [17] Castignani, G. [1] [6] Schrabback, T. [18] [19] Pratt, G. W. [12] [13] [16] [17] Le Brun, A. M. C. [12] [13] [14] [15] Aghanim, N. [12] [16] [20] Amendola, L. [5] Auricchio, N. [1] Baldi, M. [6] [11] Bodendorf, C. [21] Bonino, D. [1] Branchini, E. [2] [22] Brescia, M. [23] Brinchmann, J. [24] Camera, S. [1] [2] [25] Capobianco, V. [1] Carbone, C. [1] Carretero, J. [26] [27] [28] Castander, F. J. [9] [26] [29] [30] [31] Castellano, M. [1] Cavuoti, S. [1] [2] Cledassou, R. [32] [33] Congedo, G. [10] Conselice, C. J. [34] [35] Conversi, L. [36] [37] Copin, Y. [12] [38] [39] Corcione, L. [1] Courbin, F. [40] [41] Cropper, M. [42] [43] Da Silva, A. [44] Degaudenzi, H. [45] Dinis, J. [44] Dubath, F. [45] Dupac, X. [37] Dusini, S. [2] Farrens, S. [12] [13] [16] [17] Ferriol, S. [12] [38] [39] Fosalba, P. [9] [26] [29] [30] [31] Frailis, M. [1] Franceschi, E. [1] Fumana, M. [1] Galeotta, S. [1] Garilli, B. [1] Gillis, B. [10] Grazian, A. [1] [46] Grupp, F. [21] [47] Haugan, S. V. H. [48] Holmes, W. [49] [50] [51] Hornstrup, A. [52] [53] Jahnke, K. [21] Kuemmel, M. [47] Kermiche, S. [12] [39] [54] Kilbinger, M. [12] [13] [16] [17] Kunz, M. [45] [55] Kurki-Suonio, H. [56] [57] Ligori, S. [1] Lilje, P. B. [48] Lloro, I. [58] Maiorano, E. [1] Mansutti, O. [1] Marggraf, O. [19] Markovic, K. [49] [50] [51] Massey, R. [59] Maurogordato, S. [12] [60] [61] Mei, S. [12] [13] [14] [15] [17] Merlin, E. [1] Meylan, G. [40] [41] Moresco, M. [1] [6] Munari, E. [1] Niemi, S. -M. [62] Nightingale, J. [59] Nutma, T. [63] [64] [65] Padilla, C. [26] [27] [28] Paltani, S. [45] Pasian, F. [1] Pedersen, K. [66] Pettorino, V. [12] [13] [16] [17] Polenta, G. [67] Poncet, M. [33] Popa, L. A. [68] Raison, F. [21] Renzi, A. [2] [46] Rhodes, J. [49] [50] [51] Riccio, G. [1] Romelli, E. [1] Roncarelli, M. [1] Rossetti, E. [6] Saglia, R. [21] [47] Sapone, D. [69] Sartoris, B. [1] [47] Schneider, P [19] Secroun, A. [12] [39] [54] Serrano, S. [9] [26] [30] [31] Sirignano, C. [2] [46] Sirri, G. [2] Stanco, L. [2] Starck, J. -L. [12] [13] [16] [17] Tallada-Crespi, P. [26] [70] Taylor, A. N. [10] Tereno, I. [44] Toledo-Moreo, R. [71] Torradeflot, F. [26] [70] Tutusaus, I. [12] [72] [73] Valentijn, E. A. [63] Valenziano, L. [1] [2] Vassallo, T. [1] Wang, Y. [50] Weller, J. [21] [47] Zamorani, G. [1] Zoubian, J. [12] [39] [54] Andreon, S. [1] Bardelli, S. [1] Boucaud, A. [12] [13] [14] [15] [17] Bozzo, E. [45] Colodro-Conde, C. [74] Di Ferdinando, D. [2] Fabbian, G. [75] [76] Farina, M. [1] Israel, H. [77] Keihanen, E. [56] [57] Lindholm, V. [56] [57] Mauri, N. [2] [6] Neissner, C. [26] [27] [28] Schirmer, M. [21] Scottez, V. [20] [78] Tenti, M. [2] Zucca, E. [1] Akrami, Y. [7] [8] [9] [12] [14] [15] [20] [79] [80] [81] [82] Baccigalupi, C. [1] [2] [3] [83] Ballardini, M. [1] [2] [84] Bernardeau, F. [12] [16] [17] [20] [85] Biviano, A. [1] [3] Borlaff, A. S. [51] [86] Burigana, C. [1] [2] [84] Cabanac, R. [12] [72] [73] Cappi, A. [1] [12] [60] [61] Carvalho, C. S. [44] Casas, S. [87] Chambers, K. C. [88] Cooray, A. R. [89] [90] Courtois, H. M. [12] [38] [39] Davini, S. [2] de la Torre, S. [12] [54] De Lucia, G. [1] Desprez, G. [45] [91] Dole, H. [12] [16] [20] Escartin, J. A. [21] Escoffier, S. [12] [39] [54] Ferrero, I. [48] Finelli, F. [1] [2] Gabarra, L. [2] [46] Ganga, K. [12] [13] [14] [15] [17] Garcia-Bellido, J. [7] [8] [9] George, K. [47] Giacomini, F. [2] Gozaliasl, G. [56] Hildebrandt, H. [92] Hook, I. [93] Jimenez Munoz, A. [12] [39] [94] [95] [96] Joachimi, B. [42] [43] Kajava, J. J. E. [97] Kansal, V. [12] [13] [16] [17] Kirkpatrick, C. C. [56] [57] Legrand, L. [45] [55] Loureiro, A. [10] [82] Macias-Perez, J. [12] [39] [94] [95] [96] Magliocchetti, M. [1] Mainetti, G. [12] [39] Maoli, R. [1] [98] Marcin, S. [99] Martinelli, M. [1] [2] Martinet, N. [12] [54] Martins, C. J. A. P. [24] Matthew, S. [10] Maurin, L. [12] [16] [20] Metcalf, R. B. [1] [6] Monaco, P. [1] [2] [3] [4] Morgante, G. [1] Nadathur, S. [100] Nucita, A. A. [2] [101] Patrizii, L. [2] Peel, A. [40] [41] Pollack, J. [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] [17] Popa, V. [68] Porciani, C. [19] Potter, D. [102] Poentinen, M. [56] Reimberg, P. [20] Sanchez, A. G. [21] Sakr, Z. [5] [12] [72] [73] [103] Schneider, A. [102] Sefusatti, E. [1] [2] [3] Shulevski, A. [63] [64] [65] Spurio Mancini, A. [42] [43] Stadel, J. [102] Steinwagner, J. [21] Valiviita, J. [56] [57] Veropalumbo, A. [104] Viel, M. [1] [2] [3] [83] Zinchenko, I. A. [47] Euclid CollaborationAffiliations
- [1] INAF IASF Milano, Via Alfonso Corti 12, I-20133 Milan, Italy [NORA names: Italy; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [2] INFN Bologna, Via Irnerio 46, I-40126 Bologna, Italy [NORA names: Italy; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [3] IFPU, Via Beirut 2, I-34151 Trieste, Italy [NORA names: Italy; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [4] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis Sez Astron, Via Tiepolo 11, I-34131 Trieste, Italy [NORA names: Italy; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [5] Heidelberg Univ, Inst Theoret Astrophys, Zentrum Astron, Albert Ueberle Str 2, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany [NORA names: Germany; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [6] Alma Mater Studiorum Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Fis & Astron Augusto Righi, Via Piero Gobetti 93-2, I-40129 Bologna, Italy [NORA names: Italy; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [7] UAM CSIC, Inst Fis Teor, Campus Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain [NORA names: Spain; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [8] UAM CSIC, Inst Fis Teor, Campus Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain [NORA names: Spain; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [9] CSIC, Inst Ciencies Espai IEEC, Campus UAB,Carrer Can Magrans S-N, Barcelona 08193, Spain [NORA names: Spain; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [10] Univ Edinburgh, Inst Astron, Royal Observ, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland [NORA names: United Kingdom; Europe, Non-EU; OECD];
- [11] Univ Western Australia, Int Ctr Radio Astron Res, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia [NORA names: Australia; Oceania; OECD];
- [12] Aix Marseille Univ & CNRS IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France [NORA names: France; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [13] Univ Paris Cite, CNRS Astroparticule & Cosmol, F-75013 Paris, France [NORA names: France; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [14] Sorbonne Univ, Univ PSL, Observ Paris, LERMA, F-75014 Paris, France [NORA names: France; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [15] Sorbonne Univ, Univ PSL, CNRS, Lab Phys,ENS, F-75005 Paris, France [NORA names: France; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [16] CEA Saclay, DFR IRFU, Serv Astrophys, Bat 709, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France [NORA names: France; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [17] CEA Saclay, DFR IRFU, Serv Astrophys, Bat 709, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France [NORA names: France; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [18] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, Tech Str 25-8, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria [NORA names: Austria; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [19] Univ Bonn, Argelander Inst Astron, Hugel 71, D-53121 Bonn, Germany [NORA names: Germany; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [20] Inst Astrophys Paris, 98Bis Blvd Arago, F-75014 Paris, France [NORA names: France; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [21] Max Planck Inst Astron, Konigstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany [NORA names: Germany; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [22] Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, Via Dodecaneso 33, I-16146 Genoa, Italy [NORA names: Italy; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [23] Univ Federico II, Dept Phys E Pancini, Via Cinthia 6, I-80126 Naples, Italy [NORA names: Italy; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [24] Univ Porto CAUP, Inst Astrofis & Ciencias Espaco, Rua Estrelas, P-4150762 Porto, Portugal [NORA names: Portugal; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [25] Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis, Via P Giuria 1, I-10125 Turin, Italy [NORA names: Italy; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [26] Barcelona Inst Sci & Technol, IFAE, Campus UAB, Bellaterra 08193, Barcelona, Spain [NORA names: Spain; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [27] Barcelona Inst Sci & Technol, IFAE, Campus UAB, Bellaterra 08193, Barcelona, Spain [NORA names: Spain; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [28] Barcelona Inst Sci & Technol, IFAE, Campus UAB, Bellaterra 08193, Barcelona, Spain [NORA names: Spain; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [29] IEEC, Carrer Gran Capita 2-4, Barcelona 08034, Spain [NORA names: Spain; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [30] CSIC, Inst Ciencies Espai IEEC, Campus UAB,Carrer Can Magrans S-N, Barcelona 08193, Spain [NORA names: Spain; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [31] CSIC, Inst Ciencies Espai IEEC, Campus UAB,Carrer Can Magrans S-N, Barcelona 08193, Spain [NORA names: Spain; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [32] Inst Natl Phys Nucl & Phys Particules, 3 Rue Michel Ange, F-75794 Paris 16, France [NORA names: France; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [33] Ctr Natl Etud Spatiales, Toulouse, France [NORA names: France; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [34] Univ Manchester, Dept Phys & Astron, Jodrell Bank Ctr Astrophys, Oxford Rd, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England [NORA names: United Kingdom; Europe, Non-EU; OECD];
- [35] Univ Manchester, Dept Phys & Astron, Jodrell Bank Ctr Astrophys, Oxford Rd, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England [NORA names: United Kingdom; Europe, Non-EU; OECD];
- [36] European Space Agcy ESRIN, Largo Galileo Galilei 1, I-00044 Rome, Italy [NORA names: Italy; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [37] ESA, ESAC, Camino Bajo del Castillo S-N, Villanueva De La Canada 28692, Madrid, Spain [NORA names: Spain; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [38] UCB Lyon 1, Univ Lyon, CNRS, IN2P3,IUF,IP2I Lyon, F-69100 Villeurbannen, France [NORA names: France; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [39] Aix Marseille Univ & CNRS IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France [NORA names: France; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [40] EPFL, Observ Sauverny, Inst Phys, Lab Astrophys, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland [NORA names: Switzerland; Europe, Non-EU; OECD];
- [41] EPFL, Observ Sauverny, Inst Phys, Lab Astrophys, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland [NORA names: Switzerland; Europe, Non-EU; OECD];
- [42] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT, England [NORA names: United Kingdom; Europe, Non-EU; OECD];
- [43] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT, England [NORA names: United Kingdom; Europe, Non-EU; OECD];
- [44] Univ Lisbon, Fac Ciencias, Dept Fis, Edificio C8, P-1749016 Lisbon, Portugal [NORA names: Portugal; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [45] Univ Geneva, Dept Astron, Ch Ecogia 16, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland [NORA names: Switzerland; Europe, Non-EU; OECD];
- [46] INAF Osservatorio Astron Padova, Via Osservatorio 5, I-35122 Padua, Italy [NORA names: Italy; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [47] Ludwig Maximilians Univ Munchen, Univ Observ, Fac Phys, Scheinerstr 1, D-81679 Munich, Germany [NORA names: Germany; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [48] Univ Oslo, Inst Theoret Astrophys, POB 1029 Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway [NORA names: Norway; Europe, Non-EU; Nordic; OECD];
- [49] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA [NORA names: United States; America, North; OECD];
- [50] CALTECH, Infrared Proc & Anal Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA [NORA names: United States; America, North; OECD];
- [51] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA [NORA names: United States; America, North; OECD];
- [52] Cosm Dawn Ctr DAWN, Copenhagen, Denmark [NORA names: KU University of Copenhagen; University; Denmark; Europe, EU; Nordic; OECD];
- [53] Tech Univ Denmark, Elektrovej 327, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark [NORA names: DTU Technical University of Denmark; University; Denmark; Europe, EU; Nordic; OECD];
- [54] Aix Marseille Univ & CNRS IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France [NORA names: France; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [55] Ctr Astroparticle Phys, 24 Quai Ernest Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland [NORA names: Switzerland; Europe, Non-EU; OECD];
- [56] Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, Gustaf Hallstromin Katu 2, Helsinki 00014, Finland [NORA names: Finland; Europe, EU; Nordic; OECD];
- [57] Univ Helsinki, Helsinki Inst Phys, Gustaf Hallstromin Katu 2, Helsinki 00014, Finland [NORA names: Finland; Europe, EU; Nordic; OECD];
- [58] ASTRON, NOVA Opt Infrared Instrumentat Grp, Oude Hoogeveensedijk 4, NL-7991 PD Dwingeloo, Netherlands [NORA names: Netherlands; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [59] Univ Durham, Inst Computat Cosmol, Dept Phys, South Rd, Durham DH1 3LE, England [NORA names: United Kingdom; Europe, Non-EU; OECD];
- [60] Univ Cote dAzur, Observ Cote dAzur, CNRS, Lab Lagrange, Bd Observ,CS 34229, F-06304 Nice 4, France [NORA names: France; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [61] Univ Cote dAzur, Observ Cote dAzur, CNRS, Lab Lagrange, Bd Observ,CS 34229, F-06304 Nice 4, France [NORA names: France; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [62] European Space Agcy ESTEC, Keplerlaan 1, NL-2201 AZ Noordwijk, Netherlands [NORA names: Netherlands; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [63] Univ Groningen, Kapteyn Astron Inst, POB 800, NL-9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands [NORA names: Netherlands; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [64] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, Niels Bohrweg 2, NL-2333 CA Leiden, Netherlands [NORA names: Netherlands; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [65] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, Niels Bohrweg 2, NL-2333 CA Leiden, Netherlands [NORA names: Netherlands; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [66] Univ Aarhus, Dept Phys & Astron, Ny Munkegade 120, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark [NORA names: AU Aarhus University; University; Denmark; Europe, EU; Nordic; OECD];
- [67] Italian Space Agcy, Space Sci Data Ctr, Via Politecn Snc, I-00133 Rome, Italy [NORA names: Italy; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [68] Inst Space Sci, Bucharest 077125, Romania [NORA names: Romania; Europe, EU];
- [69] Univ Chile, FCFM, Dept Fis, Blanco Encalada 2008, Santiago, Chile [NORA names: Chile; America, South; OECD];
- [70] Ctr Invest Energet Medioambientales & Tecnol CIEM, Ave Complutense 40, Madrid 28040, Spain [NORA names: Spain; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [71] Univ Politecn Cartagena, Dept Elect & Tecnol Comp, Cartagena 30202, Spain [NORA names: Spain; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [72] Univ Toulouse, UPS, IRAP, CNRS,CNES, 14 Ave Edouard Belin, F-31400 Toulouse, France [NORA names: France; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [73] Univ Toulouse, UPS, IRAP, CNRS,CNES, 14 Ave Edouard Belin, F-31400 Toulouse, France [NORA names: France; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [74] Inst Astrofis Canarias, Calle Via Lactea S-N, Tenerife 38204, Spain [NORA names: Spain; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [75] Cardiff Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Cardiff CF24 3AA, Wales [NORA names: United Kingdom; Europe, Non-EU; OECD];
- [76] Flatiron Inst, Ctr Computat Astrophys, 162 5th Ave, New York, NY 10010 USA [NORA names: United States; America, North; OECD];
- [77] Ernst Reuter Str 4e, D-31224 Peine, Germany [NORA names: Germany; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [78] Junia, EPA Dept, F-59000 Lille, France [NORA names: France; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [79] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Phys, CERCA & ISO, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA [NORA names: United States; America, North; OECD];
- [80] Sorbonne Univ, Univ PSL, CNRS, Lab Phys,ENS, F-75005 Paris, France [NORA names: France; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [81] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Phys, CERCA & ISO, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA [NORA names: United States; America, North; OECD];
- [82] Imperial Coll London, Blackett Lab, Astrophys Grp, London SW7 2AZ, England [NORA names: United Kingdom; Europe, Non-EU; OECD];
- [83] Scuola Int Super Studi Avanzati SISSA, Via Bonomea 265, I-34136 Trieste, TS, Italy [NORA names: Italy; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [84] Univ Ferrara, Dipartimento Fis & Sci Terra, Via Giuseppe Saragat 1, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy [NORA names: Italy; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [85] Inst Astrophys Paris, CNRS, UMR 7095, 98 Bis Blvd Arago, F-75014 Paris, France [NORA names: France; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [86] NASA Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA [NORA names: United States; America, North; OECD];
- [87] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Theoret Particle Phys & Cosmol TTK, D-52056 Aachen, Germany [NORA names: Germany; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [88] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, 2680 Woodlawn Dr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA [NORA names: United States; America, North; OECD];
- [89] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA [NORA names: United States; America, North; OECD];
- [90] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA [NORA names: United States; America, North; OECD];
- [91] St Marys Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 923 Robie St, Halifax, NS B3H 3C3, Canada [NORA names: Canada; America, North; OECD];
- [92] Ruhr Univ Bochum, Astron Inst AIRUB, Fac Phys & Astron, GCCL, D-44780 Bochum, Germany [NORA names: Germany; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [93] Univ Lancaster, Dept Phys, Lancaster LA1 4YB, England [NORA names: United Kingdom; Europe, Non-EU; OECD];
- [94] Univ Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC IN2P3, 53 Ave Martyrs, F-38000 Grenoble, France [NORA names: France; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [95] Univ Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC IN2P3, 53 Ave Martyrs, F-38000 Grenoble, France [NORA names: France; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [96] Univ Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC IN2P3, 53 Ave Martyrs, F-38000 Grenoble, France [NORA names: France; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [97] Univ Turku, Dept Phys & Astron, Vesilinnantie 5, Turku 20014, Finland [NORA names: Finland; Europe, EU; Nordic; OECD];
- [98] Sapienza Univ Roma, Dipartimento Fis, Piazzale Aldo Moro 2, I-00185 Rome, Italy [NORA names: Italy; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [99] Univ Appl Sci & Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Sch Engn, CH-5210 Windisch, Switzerland [NORA names: Switzerland; Europe, Non-EU; OECD];
- [100] Univ Portsmouth, Inst Cosmol & Gravitat, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, Hants, England [NORA names: United Kingdom; Europe, Non-EU; OECD];
- [101] Univ Salento, Dept Math & Phys E De Giorgi, Via Arnesano,CP I93, I-73100 Lecce, Italy [NORA names: Italy; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [102] Univ Zurich, Inst Computat Sci, Winterthurerstr 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland [NORA names: Switzerland; Europe, Non-EU; OECD];
- [103] Univ St Joseph, Fac Sci, Beirut, Lebanon [NORA names: Lebanon; Asia, Middle East];
- [104] Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis Aldo Pontremoli, Via Celoria 16, I-20133 Milan, Italy [NORA names: Italy; Europe, EU; OECD]
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Abstract
The photometric catalogue of galaxy clusters extracted from ESA Euclid data is expected to be very competitive for cosmological studies. Using dedicated hydrodynamical simulations, we present systematic analyses simulating the expected weak-lensing profiles from clusters in a variety of dynamic states and for a wide range of redshifts. In order to derive cluster masses, we use a model consistent with the implementation within the Euclid Consortium of the dedicated processing function and find that when we jointly model the mass and concentration parameter of the Navarro-Frenk-White halo profile, the weak-lensing masses tend to be biased low by 5-10% on average with respect to the true mass, up to z = 0.5. For a fixed value for the concentration c200 = 3, the mass bias is decreases to lower than 5%, up to z = 0.7, along with the relative uncertainty. Simulating the weak-lensing signal by projecting along the directions of the axes of the moment of inertia tensor ellipsoid, we find that orientation matters: when clusters are oriented along the major axis, the lensing signal is boosted, and the recovered weak-lensing mass is correspondingly overestimated. Typically, the weak-lensing mass bias of individual clusters is modulated by the weak-lensing signal-to-noise ratio, which is related to the redshift evolution of the number of galaxies used for weak-lensing measurements: the negative mass bias tends to be stronger toward higher redshifts. However, when we use a fixed value of the concentration parameter, the redshift evolution trend is reduced. These results provide a solid basis for the weak-lensing mass calibration required by the cosmological application of future cluster surveys from Euclid and Rubin.
Keywords
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